Randomized evaluation of live attenuated vs. inactivated influenza vaccines in schools (RELATIVES) cluster randomized trial: Pilot results from a household surveillance study to assess direct and indirect protection from influenza vaccination.
Identifieur interne : 000189 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 000188; suivant : 000190Randomized evaluation of live attenuated vs. inactivated influenza vaccines in schools (RELATIVES) cluster randomized trial: Pilot results from a household surveillance study to assess direct and indirect protection from influenza vaccination.
Auteurs : Jeffrey C. Kwong [Canada] ; Jennifer A. Pereira [Canada] ; Susan Quach [Canada] ; Rosana Pellizzari [Canada] ; Edwina Dusome [Canada] ; Margaret L. Russell [Canada] ; Jemila S. Hamid [Canada] ; Yael Feinberg [Canada] ; Anne-Luise Winter [Canada] ; Jonathan B. Gubbay [Canada] ; Brittany Sirtonski [Canada] ; Deanna Moher [Canada] ; Doug Sider [Canada] ; Michael Finkelstein [Canada] ; Mark Loeb [Canada]Source :
- Vaccine [ 1873-2518 ] ; 2015.
Descripteurs français
- KwdFr :
- Adolescent, Adulte, Adulte d'âge moyen, Caractéristiques familiales, Enfant, Enfant d'âge préscolaire, Femelle, Grippe humaine (), Grippe humaine (diagnostic), Grippe humaine (épidémiologie), Humains, Incidence, Jeune adulte, Mâle, Nourrisson, Ontario (épidémiologie), Résultat thérapeutique, Sujet âgé, Vaccins antigrippaux (administration et posologie), Vaccins antigrippaux (immunologie), Vaccins atténués (administration et posologie), Vaccins atténués (immunologie), Vaccins inactivés (administration et posologie), Vaccins inactivés (immunologie), Épidémiosurveillance, Établissements scolaires.
- MESH :
- administration et posologie : Vaccins antigrippaux, Vaccins atténués, Vaccins inactivés.
- diagnostic : Grippe humaine.
- immunologie : Vaccins antigrippaux, Vaccins atténués, Vaccins inactivés.
- épidémiologie : Grippe humaine, Ontario.
- Adolescent, Adulte, Adulte d'âge moyen, Caractéristiques familiales, Enfant, Enfant d'âge préscolaire, Femelle, Grippe humaine, Humains, Incidence, Jeune adulte, Mâle, Nourrisson, Résultat thérapeutique, Sujet âgé, Épidémiosurveillance, Établissements scolaires.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Child, Child, Preschool, Epidemiological Monitoring, Family Characteristics, Female, Humans, Incidence, Infant, Influenza Vaccines (administration & dosage), Influenza Vaccines (immunology), Influenza, Human (diagnosis), Influenza, Human (epidemiology), Influenza, Human (prevention & control), Male, Middle Aged, Ontario (epidemiology), Schools, Treatment Outcome, Vaccines, Attenuated (administration & dosage), Vaccines, Attenuated (immunology), Vaccines, Inactivated (administration & dosage), Vaccines, Inactivated (immunology), Young Adult.
- MESH :
- chemical , administration & dosage : Influenza Vaccines, Vaccines, Attenuated, Vaccines, Inactivated.
- chemical , immunology : Influenza Vaccines, Vaccines, Attenuated, Vaccines, Inactivated.
- geographic , epidemiology : Ontario.
- diagnosis : Influenza, Human.
- epidemiology : Influenza, Human.
- prevention & control : Influenza, Human.
- Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Child, Child, Preschool, Epidemiological Monitoring, Family Characteristics, Female, Humans, Incidence, Infant, Male, Middle Aged, Schools, Treatment Outcome, Young Adult.
Abstract
BACKGROUND
Children are key drivers of influenza transmission. Vaccinating school age children decreases influenza in the community.
OBJECTIVE
To pilot-test the methods for a future trial to compare the direct and indirect benefits of inactivated influenza vaccine (IIV) vs. live attenuated influenza vaccine (LAIV) in preventing influenza infection.
METHODS
During the 2013-14 influenza vaccination campaign, we piloted an open-label cluster randomized trial involving 10 elementary schools in Peterborough, Ontario, Canada. We randomized schools on a 1:1 basis to have students receive IIV or LAIV. We invited a subset of vaccinated students and their households to participate in a surveillance sub-study, which involved completing daily symptom diaries during influenza season and collecting mid-turbinate swabs from symptomatic individuals to detect influenza infection. The main outcome measure was confirmed influenza infection using a real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay.
RESULTS
One hundred and nineteen households (166 students and 293 household members) participated. During 15 weeks of surveillance, we detected 22 episodes of PCR-confirmed influenza (21 influenza A/H1N1 and 1 influenza B). The incidence of influenza per 1000 person-days was 1.24 (95% CI, 0.40-2.89) for IIV-vaccinated students, compared to 0.13 (95% CI, 0.003-0.72) for LAIV-vaccinated students; the incidence rate ratio was 0.10 (95% CI, 0.002-0.94). Similarly, the incidence of influenza per 1000 person-days was 1.33 (95% CI, 0.64-2.44) for IIV household members, compared to 0.47 (95% CI, 0.17-1.03) for LAIV household members; the incidence rate ratio was 0.36 (95% CI, 0.11-1.08). The overall incidence rate ratio (combining students and household members) was 0.27 (95% CI, 0.09-0.69).
CONCLUSIONS
Household surveillance involving participant monitoring and reporting of symptoms and self-collection of mid-turbinate swabs is feasible. A larger study is required to validate the suggestion that vaccinating children with LAIV might confer more protection against influenza for both children and their household contacts, compared to IIV.
TRIAL REGISTRATION
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01995851.
DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2015.07.044
PubMed: 26232348
Affiliations:
- Canada
- Alberta, Ontario
- Calgary, Hamilton (Ontario), Toronto
- Université McMaster, Université de Calgary, Université de Toronto
Links toward previous steps (curation, corpus...)
Le document en format XML
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Hamid</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada; Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada; Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université McMaster</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Hamilton (Ontario)</settlement><region type="state">Ontario</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Feinberg, Yael" sort="Feinberg, Yael" uniqKey="Feinberg Y" first="Yael" last="Feinberg">Yael Feinberg</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Public Health Ontario, Toronto, Canada.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>Public Health Ontario, Toronto</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Toronto</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Winter, Anne Luise" sort="Winter, Anne Luise" uniqKey="Winter A" first="Anne-Luise" last="Winter">Anne-Luise Winter</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Public Health Ontario, Toronto, Canada.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>Public Health Ontario, Toronto</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Toronto</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gubbay, Jonathan B" sort="Gubbay, Jonathan B" uniqKey="Gubbay J" first="Jonathan B" last="Gubbay">Jonathan B. Gubbay</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Public Health Ontario, Toronto, Canada; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology and Department of Paediatrics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>Public Health Ontario, Toronto, Canada; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology and Department of Paediatrics, University of Toronto, Toronto</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université de Toronto</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Toronto</settlement><region type="state">Ontario</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sirtonski, Brittany" sort="Sirtonski, Brittany" uniqKey="Sirtonski B" first="Brittany" last="Sirtonski">Brittany Sirtonski</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Public Health Ontario, Toronto, Canada.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>Public Health Ontario, Toronto</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Toronto</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Moher, Deanna" sort="Moher, Deanna" uniqKey="Moher D" first="Deanna" last="Moher">Deanna Moher</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Public Health Ontario, Toronto, Canada.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>Public Health Ontario, Toronto</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Toronto</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sider, Doug" sort="Sider, Doug" uniqKey="Sider D" first="Doug" last="Sider">Doug Sider</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Public Health Ontario, Toronto, Canada.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>Public Health Ontario, Toronto</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Toronto</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Finkelstein, Michael" sort="Finkelstein, Michael" uniqKey="Finkelstein M" first="Michael" last="Finkelstein">Michael Finkelstein</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; Toronto Public Health, Toronto, Canada.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; Toronto Public Health, Toronto</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université de Toronto</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Toronto</settlement><region type="state">Ontario</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Loeb, Mark" sort="Loeb, Mark" uniqKey="Loeb M" first="Mark" last="Loeb">Mark Loeb</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université McMaster</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Hamilton (Ontario)</settlement><region type="state">Ontario</region></placeName></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PubMed</idno><date when="2015">2015</date><idno type="RBID">pubmed:26232348</idno><idno type="pmid">26232348</idno><idno type="doi">10.1016/j.vaccine.2015.07.044</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Corpus">000194</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Main" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PubMed">000194</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Curation">000194</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Main" wicri:step="Curation">000194</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Exploration">000194</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en">Randomized evaluation of live attenuated vs. inactivated influenza vaccines in schools (RELATIVES) cluster randomized trial: Pilot results from a household surveillance study to assess direct and indirect protection from influenza vaccination.</title><author><name sortKey="Kwong, Jeffrey C" sort="Kwong, Jeffrey C" uniqKey="Kwong J" first="Jeffrey C" last="Kwong">Jeffrey C. Kwong</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Public Health Ontario, Toronto, Canada; Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences, Toronto, Canada; Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; University Health Network, Toronto, Canada. Electronic address: jeff.kwong@utoronto.ca.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>Public Health Ontario, Toronto, Canada; Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences, Toronto, Canada; Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; University Health Network, Toronto</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université de Toronto</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Toronto</settlement><region type="state">Ontario</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pereira, Jennifer A" sort="Pereira, Jennifer A" uniqKey="Pereira J" first="Jennifer A" last="Pereira">Jennifer A. Pereira</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Public Health Ontario, Toronto, Canada.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>Public Health Ontario, Toronto</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Toronto</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Quach, Susan" sort="Quach, Susan" uniqKey="Quach S" first="Susan" last="Quach">Susan Quach</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Public Health Ontario, Toronto, Canada.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>Public Health Ontario, Toronto</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Toronto</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pellizzari, Rosana" sort="Pellizzari, Rosana" uniqKey="Pellizzari R" first="Rosana" last="Pellizzari">Rosana Pellizzari</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Peterborough County-City Health Unit, Peterborough, Canada.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>Peterborough County-City Health Unit, Peterborough</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Peterborough</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Dusome, Edwina" sort="Dusome, Edwina" uniqKey="Dusome E" first="Edwina" last="Dusome">Edwina Dusome</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Peterborough County-City Health Unit, Peterborough, Canada.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>Peterborough County-City Health Unit, Peterborough</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Peterborough</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Russell, Margaret L" sort="Russell, Margaret L" uniqKey="Russell M" first="Margaret L" last="Russell">Margaret L. Russell</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université de Calgary</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Calgary</settlement><region type="state">Alberta</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hamid, Jemila S" sort="Hamid, Jemila S" uniqKey="Hamid J" first="Jemila S" last="Hamid">Jemila S. Hamid</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada; Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada; Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université McMaster</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Hamilton (Ontario)</settlement><region type="state">Ontario</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Feinberg, Yael" sort="Feinberg, Yael" uniqKey="Feinberg Y" first="Yael" last="Feinberg">Yael Feinberg</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Public Health Ontario, Toronto, Canada.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>Public Health Ontario, Toronto</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Toronto</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Winter, Anne Luise" sort="Winter, Anne Luise" uniqKey="Winter A" first="Anne-Luise" last="Winter">Anne-Luise Winter</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Public Health Ontario, Toronto, Canada.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>Public Health Ontario, Toronto</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Toronto</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gubbay, Jonathan B" sort="Gubbay, Jonathan B" uniqKey="Gubbay J" first="Jonathan B" last="Gubbay">Jonathan B. Gubbay</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Public Health Ontario, Toronto, Canada; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology and Department of Paediatrics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>Public Health Ontario, Toronto, Canada; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology and Department of Paediatrics, University of Toronto, Toronto</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université de Toronto</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Toronto</settlement><region type="state">Ontario</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sirtonski, Brittany" sort="Sirtonski, Brittany" uniqKey="Sirtonski B" first="Brittany" last="Sirtonski">Brittany Sirtonski</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Public Health Ontario, Toronto, Canada.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>Public Health Ontario, Toronto</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Toronto</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Moher, Deanna" sort="Moher, Deanna" uniqKey="Moher D" first="Deanna" last="Moher">Deanna Moher</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Public Health Ontario, Toronto, Canada.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>Public Health Ontario, Toronto</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Toronto</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sider, Doug" sort="Sider, Doug" uniqKey="Sider D" first="Doug" last="Sider">Doug Sider</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Public Health Ontario, Toronto, Canada.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>Public Health Ontario, Toronto</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Toronto</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Finkelstein, Michael" sort="Finkelstein, Michael" uniqKey="Finkelstein M" first="Michael" last="Finkelstein">Michael Finkelstein</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; Toronto Public Health, Toronto, Canada.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; Toronto Public Health, Toronto</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université de Toronto</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Toronto</settlement><region type="state">Ontario</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Loeb, Mark" sort="Loeb, Mark" uniqKey="Loeb M" first="Mark" last="Loeb">Mark Loeb</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université McMaster</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Hamilton (Ontario)</settlement><region type="state">Ontario</region></placeName></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Vaccine</title><idno type="eISSN">1873-2518</idno><imprint><date when="2015" type="published">2015</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Adolescent</term><term>Adult</term><term>Aged</term><term>Child</term><term>Child, Preschool</term><term>Epidemiological Monitoring</term><term>Family Characteristics</term><term>Female</term><term>Humans</term><term>Incidence</term><term>Infant</term><term>Influenza Vaccines (administration & dosage)</term><term>Influenza Vaccines (immunology)</term><term>Influenza, Human (diagnosis)</term><term>Influenza, Human (epidemiology)</term><term>Influenza, Human (prevention & control)</term><term>Male</term><term>Middle Aged</term><term>Ontario (epidemiology)</term><term>Schools</term><term>Treatment Outcome</term><term>Vaccines, Attenuated (administration & dosage)</term><term>Vaccines, Attenuated (immunology)</term><term>Vaccines, Inactivated (administration & dosage)</term><term>Vaccines, Inactivated (immunology)</term><term>Young Adult</term></keywords><keywords scheme="KwdFr" xml:lang="fr"><term>Adolescent</term><term>Adulte</term><term>Adulte d'âge moyen</term><term>Caractéristiques familiales</term><term>Enfant</term><term>Enfant d'âge préscolaire</term><term>Femelle</term><term>Grippe humaine ()</term><term>Grippe humaine (diagnostic)</term><term>Grippe humaine (épidémiologie)</term><term>Humains</term><term>Incidence</term><term>Jeune adulte</term><term>Mâle</term><term>Nourrisson</term><term>Ontario (épidémiologie)</term><term>Résultat thérapeutique</term><term>Sujet âgé</term><term>Vaccins antigrippaux (administration et posologie)</term><term>Vaccins antigrippaux (immunologie)</term><term>Vaccins atténués (administration et posologie)</term><term>Vaccins atténués (immunologie)</term><term>Vaccins inactivés (administration et posologie)</term><term>Vaccins inactivés (immunologie)</term><term>Épidémiosurveillance</term><term>Établissements scolaires</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="administration & dosage" xml:lang="en"><term>Influenza Vaccines</term><term>Vaccines, Attenuated</term><term>Vaccines, Inactivated</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="immunology" xml:lang="en"><term>Influenza Vaccines</term><term>Vaccines, Attenuated</term><term>Vaccines, Inactivated</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="geographic" qualifier="epidemiology" xml:lang="en"><term>Ontario</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="administration et posologie" xml:lang="fr"><term>Vaccins antigrippaux</term><term>Vaccins atténués</term><term>Vaccins inactivés</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="diagnosis" xml:lang="en"><term>Influenza, Human</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="diagnostic" xml:lang="fr"><term>Grippe humaine</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="epidemiology" xml:lang="en"><term>Influenza, Human</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="immunologie" xml:lang="fr"><term>Vaccins antigrippaux</term><term>Vaccins atténués</term><term>Vaccins inactivés</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="prevention & control" xml:lang="en"><term>Influenza, Human</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="épidémiologie" xml:lang="fr"><term>Grippe humaine</term><term>Ontario</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en"><term>Adolescent</term><term>Adult</term><term>Aged</term><term>Child</term><term>Child, Preschool</term><term>Epidemiological Monitoring</term><term>Family Characteristics</term><term>Female</term><term>Humans</term><term>Incidence</term><term>Infant</term><term>Male</term><term>Middle Aged</term><term>Schools</term><term>Treatment Outcome</term><term>Young Adult</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="fr"><term>Adolescent</term><term>Adulte</term><term>Adulte d'âge moyen</term><term>Caractéristiques familiales</term><term>Enfant</term><term>Enfant d'âge préscolaire</term><term>Femelle</term><term>Grippe humaine</term><term>Humains</term><term>Incidence</term><term>Jeune adulte</term><term>Mâle</term><term>Nourrisson</term><term>Résultat thérapeutique</term><term>Sujet âgé</term><term>Épidémiosurveillance</term><term>Établissements scolaires</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p><b>BACKGROUND</b></p><p>Children are key drivers of influenza transmission. Vaccinating school age children decreases influenza in the community.</p></div><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p><b>OBJECTIVE</b></p><p>To pilot-test the methods for a future trial to compare the direct and indirect benefits of inactivated influenza vaccine (IIV) vs. live attenuated influenza vaccine (LAIV) in preventing influenza infection.</p></div><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p><b>METHODS</b></p><p>During the 2013-14 influenza vaccination campaign, we piloted an open-label cluster randomized trial involving 10 elementary schools in Peterborough, Ontario, Canada. We randomized schools on a 1:1 basis to have students receive IIV or LAIV. We invited a subset of vaccinated students and their households to participate in a surveillance sub-study, which involved completing daily symptom diaries during influenza season and collecting mid-turbinate swabs from symptomatic individuals to detect influenza infection. The main outcome measure was confirmed influenza infection using a real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay.</p></div><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p><b>RESULTS</b></p><p>One hundred and nineteen households (166 students and 293 household members) participated. During 15 weeks of surveillance, we detected 22 episodes of PCR-confirmed influenza (21 influenza A/H1N1 and 1 influenza B). The incidence of influenza per 1000 person-days was 1.24 (95% CI, 0.40-2.89) for IIV-vaccinated students, compared to 0.13 (95% CI, 0.003-0.72) for LAIV-vaccinated students; the incidence rate ratio was 0.10 (95% CI, 0.002-0.94). Similarly, the incidence of influenza per 1000 person-days was 1.33 (95% CI, 0.64-2.44) for IIV household members, compared to 0.47 (95% CI, 0.17-1.03) for LAIV household members; the incidence rate ratio was 0.36 (95% CI, 0.11-1.08). The overall incidence rate ratio (combining students and household members) was 0.27 (95% CI, 0.09-0.69).</p></div><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b></p><p>Household surveillance involving participant monitoring and reporting of symptoms and self-collection of mid-turbinate swabs is feasible. A larger study is required to validate the suggestion that vaccinating children with LAIV might confer more protection against influenza for both children and their household contacts, compared to IIV.</p></div><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p><b>TRIAL REGISTRATION</b></p><p>ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01995851.</p></div></front></TEI><pubmed><MedlineCitation Status="MEDLINE" Owner="NLM"><PMID Version="1">26232348</PMID><DateCompleted><Year>2016</Year><Month>06</Month><Day>06</Day></DateCompleted><DateRevised><Year>2015</Year><Month>09</Month><Day>08</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Print-Electronic"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Electronic">1873-2518</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Internet"><Volume>33</Volume><Issue>38</Issue><PubDate><Year>2015</Year><Month>Sep</Month><Day>11</Day></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>Vaccine</Title><ISOAbbreviation>Vaccine</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>Randomized evaluation of live attenuated vs. inactivated influenza vaccines in schools (RELATIVES) cluster randomized trial: Pilot results from a household surveillance study to assess direct and indirect protection from influenza vaccination.</ArticleTitle><Pagination><MedlinePgn>4910-5</MedlinePgn></Pagination><ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.1016/j.vaccine.2015.07.044</ELocationID><ELocationID EIdType="pii" ValidYN="Y">S0264-410X(15)01004-X</ELocationID><Abstract><AbstractText Label="BACKGROUND" NlmCategory="BACKGROUND">Children are key drivers of influenza transmission. Vaccinating school age children decreases influenza in the community.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="OBJECTIVE" NlmCategory="OBJECTIVE">To pilot-test the methods for a future trial to compare the direct and indirect benefits of inactivated influenza vaccine (IIV) vs. live attenuated influenza vaccine (LAIV) in preventing influenza infection.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="METHODS" NlmCategory="METHODS">During the 2013-14 influenza vaccination campaign, we piloted an open-label cluster randomized trial involving 10 elementary schools in Peterborough, Ontario, Canada. We randomized schools on a 1:1 basis to have students receive IIV or LAIV. We invited a subset of vaccinated students and their households to participate in a surveillance sub-study, which involved completing daily symptom diaries during influenza season and collecting mid-turbinate swabs from symptomatic individuals to detect influenza infection. The main outcome measure was confirmed influenza infection using a real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="RESULTS" NlmCategory="RESULTS">One hundred and nineteen households (166 students and 293 household members) participated. During 15 weeks of surveillance, we detected 22 episodes of PCR-confirmed influenza (21 influenza A/H1N1 and 1 influenza B). The incidence of influenza per 1000 person-days was 1.24 (95% CI, 0.40-2.89) for IIV-vaccinated students, compared to 0.13 (95% CI, 0.003-0.72) for LAIV-vaccinated students; the incidence rate ratio was 0.10 (95% CI, 0.002-0.94). Similarly, the incidence of influenza per 1000 person-days was 1.33 (95% CI, 0.64-2.44) for IIV household members, compared to 0.47 (95% CI, 0.17-1.03) for LAIV household members; the incidence rate ratio was 0.36 (95% CI, 0.11-1.08). The overall incidence rate ratio (combining students and household members) was 0.27 (95% CI, 0.09-0.69).</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="CONCLUSIONS" NlmCategory="CONCLUSIONS">Household surveillance involving participant monitoring and reporting of symptoms and self-collection of mid-turbinate swabs is feasible. A larger study is required to validate the suggestion that vaccinating children with LAIV might confer more protection against influenza for both children and their household contacts, compared to IIV.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="TRIAL REGISTRATION" NlmCategory="BACKGROUND">ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01995851.</AbstractText><CopyrightInformation>Copyright © 2015 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.</CopyrightInformation></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Kwong</LastName><ForeName>Jeffrey C</ForeName><Initials>JC</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Public Health Ontario, Toronto, Canada; Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences, Toronto, Canada; Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; University Health Network, Toronto, Canada. Electronic address: jeff.kwong@utoronto.ca.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Pereira</LastName><ForeName>Jennifer A</ForeName><Initials>JA</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Public Health Ontario, Toronto, Canada.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Quach</LastName><ForeName>Susan</ForeName><Initials>S</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Public Health Ontario, Toronto, Canada.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Pellizzari</LastName><ForeName>Rosana</ForeName><Initials>R</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Peterborough County-City Health Unit, Peterborough, Canada.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Dusome</LastName><ForeName>Edwina</ForeName><Initials>E</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Peterborough County-City Health Unit, Peterborough, Canada.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Russell</LastName><ForeName>Margaret L</ForeName><Initials>ML</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Hamid</LastName><ForeName>Jemila S</ForeName><Initials>JS</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada; Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Feinberg</LastName><ForeName>Yael</ForeName><Initials>Y</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Public Health Ontario, Toronto, Canada.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Winter</LastName><ForeName>Anne-Luise</ForeName><Initials>AL</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Public Health Ontario, Toronto, Canada.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Gubbay</LastName><ForeName>Jonathan B</ForeName><Initials>JB</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Public Health Ontario, Toronto, Canada; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology and Department of Paediatrics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Sirtonski</LastName><ForeName>Brittany</ForeName><Initials>B</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Public Health Ontario, Toronto, Canada.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Moher</LastName><ForeName>Deanna</ForeName><Initials>D</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Public Health Ontario, Toronto, Canada.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Sider</LastName><ForeName>Doug</ForeName><Initials>D</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Public Health Ontario, Toronto, Canada.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Finkelstein</LastName><ForeName>Michael</ForeName><Initials>M</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; Toronto Public Health, Toronto, Canada.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Loeb</LastName><ForeName>Mark</ForeName><Initials>M</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><CollectiveName>Public Health Agency of Canada/Canadian Institutes of Health Research Influenza Research Network (PCIRN) Program Delivery and Evaluation Group</CollectiveName></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><DataBankList CompleteYN="Y"><DataBank><DataBankName>ClinicalTrials.gov</DataBankName><AccessionNumberList><AccessionNumber>NCT01995851</AccessionNumber></AccessionNumberList></DataBank></DataBankList><GrantList CompleteYN="Y"><Grant><GrantID>PIR 124309</GrantID><Agency>Canadian Institutes of Health Research</Agency><Country>Canada</Country></Grant></GrantList><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D003160">Comparative Study</PublicationType><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType><PublicationType UI="D016449">Randomized Controlled Trial</PublicationType><PublicationType UI="D013485">Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList><ArticleDate DateType="Electronic"><Year>2015</Year><Month>07</Month><Day>29</Day></ArticleDate></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>Netherlands</Country><MedlineTA>Vaccine</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>8406899</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>0264-410X</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><ChemicalList><Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D007252">Influenza Vaccines</NameOfSubstance></Chemical><Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D014613">Vaccines, Attenuated</NameOfSubstance></Chemical><Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D015164">Vaccines, Inactivated</NameOfSubstance></Chemical></ChemicalList><CitationSubset>IM</CitationSubset><MeshHeadingList><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000293" MajorTopicYN="N">Adolescent</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000328" MajorTopicYN="N">Adult</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000368" MajorTopicYN="N">Aged</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D002648" MajorTopicYN="N">Child</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D002675" MajorTopicYN="N">Child, Preschool</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D062665" MajorTopicYN="N">Epidemiological Monitoring</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D005191" MajorTopicYN="N">Family Characteristics</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D005260" MajorTopicYN="N">Female</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D006801" MajorTopicYN="N">Humans</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D015994" MajorTopicYN="N">Incidence</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D007223" MajorTopicYN="N">Infant</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D007252" MajorTopicYN="N">Influenza Vaccines</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000008" MajorTopicYN="Y">administration & dosage</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000276" MajorTopicYN="Y">immunology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D007251" MajorTopicYN="N">Influenza, Human</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000175" MajorTopicYN="N">diagnosis</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000453" MajorTopicYN="N">epidemiology</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000517" MajorTopicYN="Y">prevention & control</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D008297" MajorTopicYN="N">Male</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D008875" MajorTopicYN="N">Middle Aged</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D009864" MajorTopicYN="N" Type="Geographic">Ontario</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000453" MajorTopicYN="N">epidemiology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D012574" MajorTopicYN="N">Schools</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D016896" MajorTopicYN="N">Treatment Outcome</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D014613" MajorTopicYN="N">Vaccines, Attenuated</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000008" MajorTopicYN="N">administration & dosage</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000276" MajorTopicYN="N">immunology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D015164" MajorTopicYN="N">Vaccines, Inactivated</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000008" MajorTopicYN="N">administration & dosage</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000276" MajorTopicYN="N">immunology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D055815" MajorTopicYN="N">Young Adult</DescriptorName></MeshHeading></MeshHeadingList><KeywordList Owner="NOTNLM"><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Canada</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Influenza</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Influenza vaccines</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Live vaccines</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Ontario</Keyword></KeywordList></MedlineCitation><PubmedData><History><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="received"><Year>2015</Year><Month>04</Month><Day>08</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="revised"><Year>2015</Year><Month>07</Month><Day>14</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="accepted"><Year>2015</Year><Month>07</Month><Day>16</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="entrez"><Year>2015</Year><Month>8</Month><Day>2</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pubmed"><Year>2015</Year><Month>8</Month><Day>2</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="medline"><Year>2016</Year><Month>6</Month><Day>9</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate></History><PublicationStatus>ppublish</PublicationStatus><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">26232348</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="pii">S0264-410X(15)01004-X</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="doi">10.1016/j.vaccine.2015.07.044</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></PubmedData></pubmed><affiliations><list><country><li>Canada</li></country><region><li>Alberta</li><li>Ontario</li></region><settlement><li>Calgary</li><li>Hamilton (Ontario)</li><li>Toronto</li></settlement><orgName><li>Université McMaster</li><li>Université de Calgary</li><li>Université de Toronto</li></orgName></list><tree><country name="Canada"><region name="Ontario"><name sortKey="Kwong, Jeffrey C" sort="Kwong, Jeffrey C" uniqKey="Kwong J" first="Jeffrey C" last="Kwong">Jeffrey C. Kwong</name></region><name sortKey="Dusome, Edwina" sort="Dusome, Edwina" uniqKey="Dusome E" first="Edwina" last="Dusome">Edwina Dusome</name><name sortKey="Feinberg, Yael" sort="Feinberg, Yael" uniqKey="Feinberg Y" first="Yael" last="Feinberg">Yael Feinberg</name><name sortKey="Finkelstein, Michael" sort="Finkelstein, Michael" uniqKey="Finkelstein M" first="Michael" last="Finkelstein">Michael Finkelstein</name><name sortKey="Gubbay, Jonathan B" sort="Gubbay, Jonathan B" uniqKey="Gubbay J" first="Jonathan B" last="Gubbay">Jonathan B. Gubbay</name><name sortKey="Hamid, Jemila S" sort="Hamid, Jemila S" uniqKey="Hamid J" first="Jemila S" last="Hamid">Jemila S. Hamid</name><name sortKey="Loeb, Mark" sort="Loeb, Mark" uniqKey="Loeb M" first="Mark" last="Loeb">Mark Loeb</name><name sortKey="Moher, Deanna" sort="Moher, Deanna" uniqKey="Moher D" first="Deanna" last="Moher">Deanna Moher</name><name sortKey="Pellizzari, Rosana" sort="Pellizzari, Rosana" uniqKey="Pellizzari R" first="Rosana" last="Pellizzari">Rosana Pellizzari</name><name sortKey="Pereira, Jennifer A" sort="Pereira, Jennifer A" uniqKey="Pereira J" first="Jennifer A" last="Pereira">Jennifer A. Pereira</name><name sortKey="Quach, Susan" sort="Quach, Susan" uniqKey="Quach S" first="Susan" last="Quach">Susan Quach</name><name sortKey="Russell, Margaret L" sort="Russell, Margaret L" uniqKey="Russell M" first="Margaret L" last="Russell">Margaret L. Russell</name><name sortKey="Sider, Doug" sort="Sider, Doug" uniqKey="Sider D" first="Doug" last="Sider">Doug Sider</name><name sortKey="Sirtonski, Brittany" sort="Sirtonski, Brittany" uniqKey="Sirtonski B" first="Brittany" last="Sirtonski">Brittany Sirtonski</name><name sortKey="Winter, Anne Luise" sort="Winter, Anne Luise" uniqKey="Winter A" first="Anne-Luise" last="Winter">Anne-Luise Winter</name></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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